Researchers at the University of Nottingham have developed a novel gel that could revolutionize dental care by repairing and rebuilding tooth enamel. Currently, dentistry primarily focuses on prevention and slowing decay, as enamel cannot naturally regenerate.
Published in Nature Communications, the protein-based gel harnesses the body’s natural growth mechanisms to form a durable enamel-like coating and fill small cavities.
When applied to a tooth, the gel draws calcium and phosphate ions from saliva, encouraging mineral growth that integrates with existing enamel.
Lab tests on extracted human teeth demonstrated rapid formation of a protective layer. “We have tested the mechanical properties of these regenerated tissues under conditions simulating tooth brushing, chewing, and acidic foods, and found they behave just like healthy enamel,” said lead author Abshar Hasan, a postdoctoral fellow at Nottingham. Biomedical engineering professor Alvaro Mata noted that visible growth occurs within a week.
Beyond enamel repair, the gel could cover exposed dentine, the tissue beneath enamel prone to infection. “Our material promotes the growth of crystals in an organized manner, restoring the architecture of natural enamel,” Hasan added.
The team plans to commercialize the technology through their startup, Mintech-Bio. Clinical trials in humans are scheduled for early next year, though researchers caution that further testing is needed to confirm safety and effectiveness in the complex oral environment.
“This technology could potentially offer a one-step solution for regenerating dental enamel, regardless of erosion severity,” the researchers wrote.
