Researchers from the Bauru School of Dentistry at the University of São Paulo (FOB-USP), Brazil, have developed an artificial saliva mouthwash using CANECPI-5, a protein extracted from sugarcane. This groundbreaking treatment shows promise for patients with head and neck cancer who experience dry mouth due to radiation therapy that damages salivary glands.
The study, led by Natara Dias Gomes da Silva during her doctoral research, involved collaboration with the Federal University of São Carlos, Brazil, the University of California in San Francisco, and Yonsei University in South Korea. The findings, published in the Journal of Dentistry, reveal that CANECPI-5 forms a protective layer on teeth, shielding them from damaging acids found in foods, drinks, and even stomach acid.
Head and neck cancer patients often face a dry mouth (xerostomia) after radiotherapy, which compromises their ability to fight oral bacteria and leads to rapid tooth decay. The newly developed artificial saliva, which uses CANECPI-5 along with fluoride and xylitol, significantly reduces bacterial growth and enamel demineralization—the breakdown of tooth minerals that leads to cavities.
“This is the first product to leverage the concept of the acquired pellicle, a thin protective layer that naturally forms on tooth surfaces. The CANECPI-5 protein helps reinforce this layer, making teeth more resistant to acids,” explained Professor Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf, lead researcher.
CANECPI-5 is also capable of improving the sensation of a dry mouth and healing sores, thus reducing discomfort for patients. The protein has been successfully tested in several forms, including mouthwash, gel, and orodispersible films, which dissolve on the tongue.
The researchers are currently focused on scaling up production in collaboration with companies interested in commercializing this technology. The next step is to explore how CANECPI-5 can be fused with other proteins, such as statherin, to enhance its effectiveness, particularly in combating stomach acids that weaken teeth.
Additionally, studies are underway to combine CANECPI-5 with vitamin E, which could make the protein easier for patients to apply at home, potentially enhancing daily oral care.
This breakthrough marks a significant advancement in the treatment of oral health complications in cancer patients and could pave the way for further innovations in dental care for those suffering from xerostomia.