A pioneering dental treatment expected to reach the market next year could offer new hope to millions affected by tooth decay.
Scientists at the University of Nottingham, working with international collaborators, have developed a protein-based gel that can repair and regenerate damaged tooth enamel. Researchers say this addresses a major gap in dentistry, as enamel cannot currently be regrown once lost.
Tooth decay and enamel erosion affect nearly half of the world’s population, with global costs estimated at $544 billion each year.
According to Professor Alvaro Mata, Chair in Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials at the University of Nottingham, the gel is safe, quick to apply and suitable for large-scale production. It can be used in a similar way to fluoride treatments, taking only minutes and requiring no surgery.
“The technology is versatile and could be developed into multiple products for patients of all ages with enamel loss or exposed dentine,” Mata said. He added that the team has launched a start-up company, Mintech-Bio, and aims to release the first product next year.
The gel works by mimicking natural proteins that guide enamel formation during early childhood. Once applied, it forms a protective layer that fills microscopic cracks and defects. It then draws calcium and phosphate ions from saliva to encourage the controlled growth of new mineral, restoring the tooth’s structure.
Dr Abshar Hasan, a postdoctoral researcher and lead author of the study, said tests showed the regenerated enamel closely matches natural enamel. “Under conditions such as brushing, chewing and exposure to acidic foods, the repaired enamel behaves just like healthy enamel,” he said.
The gel was developed by researchers from the University of Nottingham’s School of Pharmacy and its Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, in collaboration with scientists from around the world.