A new study suggests that while people using GLP-1 weight-loss drugs like semaglutide (WeGovy) and tirzepatide (Mounjaro) may regain some of the weight they lost after stopping treatment, the regain eventually plateaus.
The research, conducted by the University of Cambridge, found that after one year off GLP-1 medications, individuals on average regain 60% of their lost weight. However, the weight regain begins to slow down after this period, with participants maintaining 25% of the weight they lost.
Earlier studies have shown that weight regain is more rapid after discontinuing GLP-1 drugs compared to diet and exercise programs, with regain four times faster in the former. This recent modeling study, which analyzed data from 48 relevant studies and six clinical trials, estimates that after 60 weeks off the drugs, the regain slows to about 75% of the original weight loss.
Despite the regain, the research found that some individuals were able to maintain healthier eating habits, potentially helping them keep off some of the lost weight. The drugs may also alter hormone levels and appetite control mechanisms in the brain, potentially contributing to longer-term weight management.
However, the study also highlighted that the effects of weight loss medications in real-world settings are still unclear, and further long-term follow-up studies are needed to confirm these projections.
Experts emphasize the need for patients to integrate healthy lifestyle changes, such as balanced meals and exercise, along with any medication, for sustained weight management. They caution against using GLP-1 drugs as a short-term fix without an ongoing, comprehensive treatment plan.
As obesity remains a chronic condition, researchers suggest that GLP-1 drugs may need to be part of long-term management strategies, supported by nutritional and behavioral guidance.